Clutch construction



y 19 4-. 4. MARTIN CLUTCH CONSTRUCTION Filed April 29, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 my 72 INVENT0R fisiP/r f y y 1932 J. J. MARTIN 1,865,936

CLUTCH CONSTRUCTION I Filed April 29; 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W v I 2 AT; ORNEY-S:

.Patented July 5, 1932s I .rosnrn J. MABTINL on NEW QAST EQI IJIAN Assmmsior pimiests m srssi BUR-BIS, on liEW CASTLE, 11511314111;

cnu'rorr cons'rnuorron 1 V V This invention relates to a clutch construction suitable for a shock absorber or thesnub -P- ber type. M The chief V in the specific arrangement of ithe several parts constituting the clutch construction per se, and particularly the incorporation therein or an exterior-ally expanding spring which isnormally of the over-runningclutch '15 type when an adjacent part is rotatedilnonedirection" relative thereto and-which 1s ex-' panding or gripping its action upon said part when relative'rotation in the opposite direction obtains. 1 I

The full nature of the invention willbe understoodfrom the accompanying drawings V and the following description, and claims;

I In the drawings Figql 'is a side elevational view of the invention applied to-tw oLrela-f tively movable parts of a vehicle, the frame being shown in section. Fig. 2is a view taken at right angles to Fig. 1' and with the axle insection; Fig. 3' is acentral transverse view.

of the' shock absorber. Fig-4 is an'elevaf- 23 tional viewof theshock absorber withparts removed and in section and is taken on. line Hot-Fig. 3 in the directionof the arrows. Fig.5 is a similar view taken from the A" opposite direction-on line 5'5 'of Fig. 3. Fig. dis a transverse section taken on:lin'e e s'0r Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 7 is a; lonigtudinal sectional view with the clutch spring 'andret'ainer cup removed' 'from the jclutchhousin'g. Fig. 8

ing spacer and spring-centering plate. f Fig.

9' is a sectional view. of the modificati'onjv shownin Fig.- 8, applied to the structure shown'inFig.3. p

In Y the drawings '10 indicates; a channel or frame member and 'lllanaxle, the' s'ameconstituting two relatively movable part's'of an automobile chassis. The snubbenincludesa casing 12 cup-shaped with the cylindrical wall 13 to which is secured asat 14, a strap 15, the same passing through aneye 16 ofa bracket orangle member 17 and'the endflbe- 'ing clamped between a pair of plates l8-to anchor the. end of thestrap to said bracket.

" The bracket 17 includes a shelf port on 19' feature of the invention consists is a 'c'entralsection of a modified formof lockand another shelf drj inbjspaced rela a ljlOIl, therewithiwhich, is adapted to' receive the lower flangegof axlellr I A vertical'eX- tension 21 is adapted to bear on thef upper jfy 1 cocking of thefan'gle bracket 17 when mountf ed. A cIampingmember QZhavinga clam flange of the -I-beam axle and thus prevent ing or cooperating j1ug 23 is j clainpingly v sociated with the. axle" for anchoring, the' bracket 17 thereto. 5 by means of bolt andnut'2 5. I The casing 12' and '13 encloses acne-wayclutch construction, the sa ne beingfpivotally' i.

tegral therewithlthe drum-28 of a brakecon nection. The base 27 is secured to the uppe and oifi'set-portion 29 of a bracket 30, said-F" i ofiset'portion including an elongated slot 81 adapted to receive the bolt 32. Said spindle-' and the base at 132 is provided withopenings to receive said bolt for adjustingfthe posi tion of thebracket 30'. Bracket so ter m ig natesin an anchoring portion 33 having a "respect to a baSeplate-QT having'formed ini-g j A dove-tailed groove 341:0 adj ustably receive a fulcrumef orming wedge'fie see'Fig 6',lthei-"i' 7 same" including ran elongated slot 136 adapted to register with {the opening, 37in the chassis channel and the opening 38 in; the bracket cluding the clutch construction on the chanbase, whereby the bo1t 39and nut 40 rigidly but adjustably mount the shock absorberin--,

struction is; adjustable for various depths' of i frame and by reason of: the; adjustable larf rangementi of the anchoringportion 29]; re1a= tiveftdthebase 27, 119 single bracket construe; tion is adapted to support thelshock'absorberf upon othe'chassismfor substantially allfmakes of. chassis "The specific colistruction 1 5 1 i cludes'a spring steel 'orjshoe sub'stan- "i tially cylindrical in form but having its ad 3' acent ends turned inwardly at 51 and thence angularlythereof at 52 with an extension 53 lying parallel with the body portion and rigidly-anchored thereto. Said springban'dor 7 brake shoe 'carriesa brakelinin-g' 54 suitably scavenging material 56 such as tripolir Qfriction material may be of leather. and if so preferably the flesh side is out to engage tlie'i'nner gripping-or braking surfaceof the drum 28. An actuatingarnri57 is operable anchored as by riveting and the like (see in Fig. 3) andatsuitabl-e intervals and here in three are shown the band perforated or recessedtoreceive a preservative and a byga. one-gway clutch construction andbears against one'fshoulder of. the shoe, towit, 51. 7

Arm 57is slotted as indicated by the dotted line 58-150 receiverthe bolt 59 slidaibly sup -p orii joll: by thefiarm 57 Said bolt 59 carries a tension adjusting nu t;6() bearing against spring 61 concentricwith the boltandseatableon: the opposite shoulderfil of the shoe the sa ne havingformedtherein a spring retainerconstruction Bolt 59.,is prevented from rotating by a squaredfiange .63 engaging a squared shoulder tie on the arm .57.

The arni 5.7 is herein shown'formed integral.

I fwithrthe clutchcollar 65,:Which hasan internalbore of substantiallytrue circular form and of. predetermined internaldiameter.

' The here is; increased asatl66 to rotatably mount a, spring retainer and anchoragein the.- form of a cup-shaped; member 67, the

' samefhaving-an openingto receive one end 68; oflanoutvvardly expanding, substantially at ceiledc lpring, the. windings being ins'uh stantiallyabnttable relation and-the external surface being of; predetermined diameter sub-J stantiall y corresponding tothat'oftheclutch collar. or slightly more.. Thecnd 68 of the spring 69fof the aforesaid connectioniis prefera-bly welded tofthe flanged cupj'GQI andthe oppositecnd ofthe spring. is relatively-free; When-:the'cup; isrotated in one direction rela tive tothe clutch collar-'thespring rides tree thereof and'no-connjection is obtained, but

I when. the cup-shaped niemberrotatesin the.

gages lthe. clutch collar andinnersidewall opposite directionithe-spring expands and en,-

' voflthej cupa'nd rotates the clutch collar. to

cause arin..5f( to en-gagev the shoulder-5,1 of the shoe-.and fierce the shoe and friction material thereon into. engagement with. the," drum for stoppingtlie relativerotationandthereby se il l bbi g action.

V spider .m en ber ,70. rotatablyjniounted onnthespindle 26, and is provided with a plu ral y f paral ele eni s 72 pa allel t the spindlefreceiving openingzto receive the an-,

chpringbolts ZLQ The spindle26 is. provided with; an annular; groove 75 ,andll ia slotted flanged plate 7 6 including the flanged portiongl'kis;slidably receivable by said-groove the sl l dl -r .-1-hePla e; ;6. is apqrt red. at

The

friction of the K I retainer and spring together with the plate washer; allz rotate counterclockwise, (see.

78 to register with the apertures 72 and a spacing washer 79 issimilarly relieved as at 80 for like registration-{said spacing washer being receivable bythe flanged-portion 77 and terminating flush therewith. The nuts 81mountedon bolts 71..clampthe spider 70,

plate. 76;, cuprshapfed I'nernber Y67 and spacing washer? 9 to thecasing' 12 and prevent axial lnovenient thereof relative to the spindle by reason'ot the seating ofthe plate 76 in thegroeve 7 5. Separation of the several parts is prevented by the bolts 71 bearing on the cupshaped member 67. V

-A. 'coil. return spring 85 isanchoredas at 86 to the base 27 and'terminates in an inner eye; 87 which receives an extension 74; ofone of; the holts-fl, see Eigifi; E le-extens o s f 1 the other bolts 71 assist'incentralizing the return spring and the;intermediateshoulders Qnflanges *73 of the severa b01ts1 -1; a gn he spring in addition {to the secnrin'gof clamp-- ingf action betorementionedr Y As shown clearly in Figs: 4: and '5,

eral partsirelative .tog'eaeh other.

: Thepp r m asfifllOw Up n thev a spring 85 through the bolt. extension 7A (see, Fig; ,3") ,tjendstotake up the slackin'the. strap: 15 by-rotating; (see Fig. "1)? the casing-1'2; clockwise. ;Up'on-rebo.u nd thestrapiis slowly paid out by -the; ca inggradnally, Qtatinge the app cou tenc cek'i vise directi n.

(see-Fig.1) sucl1 .gradnal rotatioli-gbei-ng obtained by the.frictionyellgagementof, the shee in the drumand the gripping. of the clutch tosecure-such retardation: l he fric- .tion shoe supported thereby and clutchcellar are rotatable in. but; one. directionyto. wit,

counterclockwise see..Fig-. 4) or: clockwise (seeFig. Uponthe initial-.on clockwise rotation; QZE the casing-throughspring'85, the same being justsufiici'ent; to [overcome theparts, the spider, cupspring Figs. 1 and 4) and Without-many way actua vhicle engaging an obstructionsuch; that the I channel 10. approaches the axle ll t-hereturn ating the brakeshoe or causing rotation there; r

of relative to; thedruin'g, or causing rotationof the; clutch Collar. ;f iUpon; reverse; move mentof; the qasin by a'separa-tionfof thetworelatively I m vable chassis; parts, the: casing,

washer, plate,' hub and cup.- together with the spring 69 rotates counterclockw ise.v which throws the exteriorperipheral surfaceof the spring. intoconta'ct with the bore :oftheelutch collar and causestlie same to gri'p'as the spring tends; to unwind "and; expand naglially.

Su h m v men us s.-ceim er lqs wise re The resultant action is such that thereis a slight slippage before both the clutch spring and the friction band take hold. The result is that the shock absorber is not initially or immediately responsive so that with pneumatic pressure-tires oscillations between the relatively movable parts of the vehicle to about two inches are not compensated for-in this invention. After'aboutytwo inches of movement have been obtained in the separating movement of the parts, the shock absorber 7 becomes effective or'immediately opposes additional separation and the degree of open;- 7 ation depends upon the strength of the spring and the strength of the gripping actionof the band with the shoe' .There is a certain slip page that is obtained between these several w 'ripheral portion postionable within said L. springfor centeringthe'oppositeend thereof,

separable parts which permits'a gradual re- 'lease of the strap by reasonof the gradual counterclockwise rotation of the casing- Smoothness of operationisthereby obtained. In Fig. 7 there is illustrated the preferred form ofclutch construction. In this form j the retaining cup 67 has secured to it one end 68 of the spring 69. Saidv spring'is reduced in its outside and gripping diameter'upon all buttwo coils and these the extreme coils. A'ctually the spring is shown substantially full scale. Theenlarged or maximum. diameter I of the coil portion 169 relativeto that indicated at 69 is not more than seven thousands of an inch. The purpose of thispa-rticular' construction is-to allow freedom from shock absorbing or snubbing action when driving on smooth roads as heretofore suggested.

Thus there is an initial external expansion which engages the first two end coils and as the spring elongates and externally expands throughout the remainder of the spring the plate.

centering and locking andv spaci' addino The member is provided with a slotfiii tionally reduced at 176 to pass over and receive the end of the spindle or shaft 26 having the peripheral groove therein. The opening 180 receives said spindle or shaft. Q The member is also provided with the three-bolt receiving apertures 178-registering with the device. When the spring is in normal position a space of about sixteen thousands of an inch is left between the free end of the spring flange 179 collarfi I The inventionclaimed is:

1'. In "a clutch construction suitable of theother, a spring'retaining cup seated in saidrecessand having. a side wall with an .internal diameter substantially that of the bore and an external diameter substantially that of the recess, a clutch spring position- .able; inthe cup and bore andanchored at one for and the free end thereoflaterally engagesthe as well as the inside of the-clutch.

end to the former, a rotatably mountedhub spindle mounting; said hub and including a peripheral locking Y groove, a slotted .hub-rei i i 'taining plate receivable by said groove and V straddling said spindle and includinga petogether for, simultaneous rotation. 2. A device as defined by .claiml, character.-

rigid with the cup for spacing the same, a,

fizedby the said means securing theplatecup and hubtog'etherextending laterally for close ing the end of the collar and'the additionof j a spacer portion between said plate and said securing means for preventing binding between theclutch collar and securing means.

3. In a clutch construction suitable for shock absorbers and'the like, the combination of a peripherally grooved spindle, a spring 100, retammg cup mounted thereon, a spidered hub also mounted thereon" a slotted plate re-f 'ceivable, by the spindle groove, and clamping means securing said, cup, hub and plate in rigid relation vand in predetermined position uponsaid spindle.

In witness whereof I have hereunto aflixed" 'my signature. gripping or clutching actionv occurs. Thus I 1 there is provision made for initial slippage;

Fig. 8 illustrates an integral type of spring JOSEPH "J. MARTIN. f

and the centering locking and spacing plate.

Upon engagement of the spring with the clutch collar said spring initially elongates 

